黑洞并非单纯吞噬物体的“真空”，在其强引力和剧烈旋转作用下可成为极强的加速器。
靠近旋转黑洞（Kerr黑洞）时，时空拖拽效应使得物质和磁场获得巨大的能量，Penrose过程理论上允许在边界附近提取旋转能量，使部分粒子获得超高能量逸出。
更现实的加速机制为Blandford–Znajek机制：磁场穿过黑洞事件视界，从旋转黑洞抽取能量，并通过磁流将能量输送到双向相对论喷流中，进而在喷流内部通过冲击波和磁重联把带电粒子加速到接近光速。
观测上，活动星系核、类星体与伽马射线暴中的喷流和高能辐射为黑洞加速提供证据，同时也可能解释部分超高能宇宙线的来源。
未来通过事件视界望远镜、多波段观测与中微子、引力波的多信使天文学，能进一步揭示黑洞加速的微观过程与能量转换效率，对理解宇宙中极端能量现象至关重要。
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